– This assignment will give you practice in reading a research/scholarly article and identifying and interpreting important parts of

AVIA 448 Bible Verses Mod. 1 The following is an overview of

AVIA 448

Bible Verses

Mod. 1

The following is an overview of verses that speak to: 1) the dual nature of man; 2) the equality of man before God; 3) the nature of God’s very being and law; and 4) the government as God’s tool for order in a fallen world. These verses are certainly non-exhaustive but will provide a general introduction to what the Bible says about God, man, law, and the civil government. Plan on using these verses throughout the course to supplement your Blackboard discussions and other assignments where applicable. Please feel free to use other portions of scripture as appropriate. Links are included to the scripture passage to allow you to get a better look at the full context of the passage and commentary interpreting the verse.

The Dual Nature of Man

Man as God’s Image Bearer

Genesis 1:27 ESV 

So God created man in his own image, in the image of God he created him; male and female he created them.

Genesis 9:6 ESV

Whoever sheds the blood of man, by man shall his blood be shed, for God made man in his own image.

Man’s sinful nature

Romans 3:23

…for all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God

Jeremiah 17:9

The heart is deceitful above all things, and desperately sick; who can understand it?

Mark 7:23

And he said, What comes out of a person is what defiles him. For from within, out of the heart of man, come evil thoughts, sexual immorality, theft, murder, adultery, coveting, wickedness, deceit, sensuality, envy, slander, pride, foolishness. All these evil things come from within, and they defile a person.”

The Equal Value of Man Before God and the Law

Galations 3:28

There is neither Jew nor Greek, there is neither slave nor free, there is no male and female, for you are all one in Christ Jesus.

John 13:16

Truly, truly, I say to you, a servant is not greater than his master, nor is a messenger greater than the one who sent him.

Proverbs 22:2

The rich and poor meet together; the Lord is the Maker of them all.

James 2:1-26

My brothers, show no partiality as you hold the faith in our Lord Jesus Christ, the Lord of glory. For if a man wearing a gold ring and fine clothing comes into your assembly, and a poor man in shabby clothing also comes in, and if you pay attention to the one who wears the fine clothing and say, “You sit here in a good place,” while you say to the poor man, “You stand over there,” or, “Sit down at my feet,” have you not then made distinctions among yourselves and become judges with evil thoughts? Listen, my beloved brothers, has not God chosen those who are poor in the world to be rich in faith and heirs of the kingdom, which he has promised to those who love him? 

Due Process

Numbers 15:15

For the assembly, there shall be one statute for you and for the stranger who sojourns with you, a statute forever throughout your generations. You and the sojourner shall be alike before the Lord.

Exodus 23:2 

You shall not fall in with the many to do evil, nor shall you bear witness in a lawsuit, siding with the many, so as to pervert justice,

Leviticus 19:15 

“You shall do no injustice in court. You shall not be partial to the poor or defer to the great, but in righteousness shall you judge your neighbor.

Isaiah 1:17

Learn to do good; seek justice, correct oppression; bring justice to the fatherless, plead the widow’s cause.

2 Chronicles 19:6-11 

And said to the judges, “Consider what you do, for you judge not for man but for the Lord. He is with you in giving judgment. Now then, let the fear of the Lord be upon you. Be careful what you do, for there is no injustice with the Lord our God, or partiality or taking bribes.” Moreover, in Jerusalem Jehoshaphat appointed certain Levites and priests and heads of families of Israel, to give judgment for the Lord and to decide disputed cases. They had their seat at Jerusalem. And he charged them: “Thus you shall do in the fear of the Lord, in faithfulness, and with your whole heart: whenever a case comes to you from your brothers who live in their cities, concerning bloodshed, law or commandment, statutes or rules, then you shall warn them, that they may not incur guilt before the Lord and wrath may not come upon you and your brothers.

Deuteronomy 19:15 

“A single witness shall not suffice against a person for any crime or for any wrong in connection with any offense that he has committed. Only on the evidence of two witnesses or of three witnesses shall a charge be established.

God’s Law

Colossians 1:16-17 

For by him all things were created, in heaven and on earth, visible and invisible, whether thrones or dominions or rulers or authorities—all things were created through him and for him. And he is before all things, and in him all things hold together.

Psalm 119:172

My tongue shall speak of Your word, For all Your commandments are righteousness.

Joshua 1:8

This Book of the Law shall not depart from your mouth, but you shall meditate on it day and night, so that you may be careful to do according to all that is written in it. For then you will make your way prosperous, and then you will have good success.

Romans 3:20

For by works of the law no human being will be justified in his sight, since through the law comes knowledge of sin.

Matthew 7:12

So whatever you wish that others would do to you, do also to them, for this is the Law and the Prophets.

Romans 2:12

For all who have sinned without the law will also perish without the law, and all who have sinned under the law will be judged by the law.

Romans 2:14-16

For when Gentiles, who do not have the law, by nature do what the law requires, they are a law to themselves, even though they do not have the law. 15 They show that the work of the law is written on their hearts, while their conscience also bears witness, and their conflicting thoughts accuse or even excuse them 16 on that day when, according to my gospel, God judges the secrets of men by Christ Jesus.

Exodus 20:1-17

And God spoke all these words, saying,

2 “I am the Lord your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of slavery.

3 “You shall have no other gods before[a] me.

4 “You shall not make for yourself a carved image, or any likeness of anything that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth. 5 You shall not bow down to them or serve them, for I the Lord your God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers on the children to the third and the fourth generation of those who hate me, 6 but showing steadfast love to thousands[b] of those who love me and keep my commandments.

7 “You shall not take the name of the Lord your God in vain, for the Lord will not hold him guiltless who takes his name in vain.

8 “Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy. 9 Six days you shall labor, and do all your work, 10 but the seventh day is a Sabbath to the Lord your God. On it you shall not do any work, you, or your son, or your daughter, your male servant, or your female servant, or your livestock, or the sojourner who is within your gates. 11 For in six days the Lord made heaven and earth, the sea, and all that is in them, and rested on the seventh day. Therefore the Lord blessed the Sabbath day and made it holy.

12 “Honor your father and your mother, that your days may be long in the land that the Lord your God is giving you.

13 “You shall not murder.[c]

14 “You shall not commit adultery.

15 “You shall not steal.

16 “You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor.

17 “You shall not covet your neighbor’s house; you shall not covet your neighbor’s wife, or his male servant, or his female servant, or his ox, or his donkey, or anything that is your neighbor’s.”

Civil Magistrate as God’s Agent

Romans 13:1-7 ESV

Let every person be subject to the governing authorities. For there is no authority except from God, and those that exist have been instituted by God. 2 Therefore whoever resists the authorities resists what God has appointed, and those who resist will incur judgment. 3 For rulers are not a terror to good conduct, but to bad. Would you have no fear of the one who is in authority? Then do what is good, and you will receive his approval, 4 for he is God’s servant for your good. But if you do wrong, be afraid, for he does not bear the sword in vain. For he is the servant of God, an avenger who carries out God’s wrath on the wrongdoer. 5 Therefore one must be in subjection, not only to avoid God’s wrath but also for the sake of conscience. 6 For because of this you also pay taxes, for the authorities are ministers of God, attending to this very thing. 7 Pay to all what is owed to them: taxes to whom taxes are owed, revenue to whom revenue is owed, respect to whom respect is owed, honor to whom honor is owed.

1 Peter 2:13-17

Be subject for the Lord’s sake to every human institution, whether it be to the emperor as supreme, or to governors as sent by him to punish those who do evil and to praise those who do good. For this is the will of God, that by doing good you should put to silence the ignorance of foolish people. Live as people who are free, not using your freedom as a cover-up for evil, but living as servants of God. Honor everyone. Love the brotherhood. Fear God. Honor the emperor.

Matthew 28:18

And Jesus came and said to them, “All authority in heaven and on earth has been given to me.

Psalm 82:1-8

God has taken his place in the divine council; in the midst of the gods he holds judgment 2 “How long will you judge unjustly and show partiality to the wicked? Selah 3 Give justice to the weak and the fatherless; maintain the right of the afflicted and the destitute 4 Rescue the weak and the needy; deliver them from the hand of the wicked.” 5 They have neither knowledge nor understanding, they walk about in darkness; all the foundations of the earth are shaken 6 I said, “You are gods, sons of the Most High, all of you; 7 nevertheless, like men you shall die, and fall like any prince.”[a] 8 Arise, O God, judge the earth; for you shall inherit all the nations!

1

Case study:- When considering the research that was conducted for the article,

– This assignment will give you practice in reading a research/scholarly article and identifying and interpreting important parts of Management Assignment Help Case study:-

When considering the research that was conducted for the article, and the information that the researchers are trying to convey, and it is crucial to have as much data as possible to support the intent of the research. In this case study, you are to read the article and present your point of view as to whether the data supports the findings, or the results are skewed. When considering your point of view it is necessary to identify what the researcher’s conclusion is attempting to accomplish. Are the researchers trying to support a hypothesis or they constructing a solution to a situation that needs to be open to discussion?

Your response should be a minimum of four paragraphs and should be a minimum of 400 and 450 words. The paragraphs are single-spaced. There should be a minimum of three scholarly references supporting your observations. Citations are to follow 7.0.

NOTE: All written assignments must conform to the guidelines set forth by the American Psychological Association.
According to APA 7, the following font styles and size are now accepted:
sans serif fonts such as 11-point Calibri, 11-point Arial, or 10-point Lucida Sans Unicode
serif fonts such as 12-point Times New Roman, 11-point Georgia, or normal (10-point) Computer Modern (the default font for LaTeX)

Please review the latest APA guidelines if you have any questions when writing your papers.

2) technical annotation

This book is a classic in the world of Big Data. You are to read the book “Big_Data_Now_2012_Edition”w and provide your instructor with a two-page technical annotation of the book in a word or PDF document to be submitted to your instructor by Sunday, September 6. 2020, 11:59 PM.

Running head: LITERATURE REVIEW 1 LITERATURE REVIEW 10 Literature Review 08/12/22 Literature

Running head: LITERATURE REVIEW 1

LITERATURE REVIEW 10

Literature Review

08/12/22

Literature Review

How to increase awareness and training to reduce the risk of stroke in the Haitian population

Introduction

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk is influenced by various factors, including a person’s age, lifestyle choices, and genetics. Stroke is a common CVD that has become a problem in Haiti. However, the Haitian government has implemented some interventions but has not fully controlled the increasing disease cases and even mortalities. The Haitian population has changed their lifestyle significantly, leading to an increase in diseases and the government intervention that is in place includes medication that burdens the healthcare system (The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2019). Fried food is associated as a contributing cause to most CVD-like strokes in Haiti. Fried food intake has not been related to an elevated risk of stroke (Gillespie, 2021). There is also the aspect that men fail to see the doctor or take the medication that worsens the situation in Haiti. There is a gap in the intervention needed, and more focus needs to be considered by making moves toward preventing the disease. This paper will discuss how to address Stroke disease through preventive mechanisms.

Haiti Healthcare Status and Topic Importance

The Haitian population battling CVD diseases, especially the common coronary heart disease that significantly contributes to stroke, are becoming the leading causes of death. The healthcare system is experiencing a huge burden since more costs are used in treating stroke patients, and this limits the access to other healthcare services by patients. The issue of discrimination is also a challenge where the black Haitian population fails to receive equity in healthcare compared to the majority groups. Since the population experiences the challenge of limited opportunities that limit their income, resulting in difficulty in accessing quality healthcare services. The topic is important in helping the Haiti pupation fight the lifestyle disease menace by changing the way of life and transforming healthcare from a reactive approach to proactive intervention.

Analysis of Cardiovascular Diseases

Researchers showed that fried food raises the risk of serious cardiovascular conditions like stroke. “There was a 28% greater risk of major cardiovascular events, a 22% greater risk of coronary heart disease, and a 37% greater risk of heart failure among those who ate the most fried food weekly than those who consumed the least” (Gillespie, 2021). Fried foods are a bad idea because it’s cooked in oil, fried food has a greater calorie count because of the fat it absorbs from the oil (Bowen et al., 2018). One of the risk factors for stroke and heart disease is obesity, which is related to larger caloric consumption. According to McNairy & Leighton (2019), cardiovascular disease (CVD) is now the primary cause of death in Haitian adults. As a result of Haiti’s poverty-related social and environmental variables, hypertension appears to be the country’s most significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) (Lookens et al., 2020). However, the frequency, incidence, key risk factors, and societal and environmental drivers are unknown. Longitudinal cohort studies are urgently required to identify strategies to prevent CVD and enhance health outcomes for Haitians in both Haiti and the United States (McNairy & Leighton, 2019).

Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Diseases (Stroke)

Cardiovascular illness can be triggered by multiple health conditions, including high blood pressure, diabetes, and excessive blood cholesterol levels. They are well-recognized as important contributors to the development of heart disease (Gudsoorkar & Tobe, 2017). Pressure in the blood can have an impact on the heart and brain’s ability to function. Cholesterol testing can help determine one’s risk for cardiovascular disease. The prevention strategies that are known to work in the fight against lifestyle diseases like stroke include diet, exercise, and medication.

High salt leads to High Blood Pressure and later Stroke (if untreated)

The heart’s pumping action distributes oxygen-rich blood throughout the body. The blood flows through the vessels and presses against them. Your blood pressure measures how strongly the blood vessels are being pushed. When blood pressure is elevated, the blood vessels are subjected to an unsafe amount of force. Sodium is essential in body functions, although only in trace amounts. Sodium is essential for transmitting nerve impulses, the contraction, and relaxation of muscles, and regulating the body’s fluid and mineral levels (WHO, 2020). An excessive amount of sodium, primarily in the form of table salt. Bread, sandwiches, hotdogs, and snacks are examples of processed meals that may also have a high sodium content. The high intake of salt into the body through different sources, including table salt, results in the body holding much water in the blood, which leads to the creation of excessive pressure in the blood vessels, resulting in high blood pressure. Blood pressure is increased by consuming an excessive amount of salt. The pressure affects the blood flow in the body, including the brain. When the blood pressure is too high, the blood vessels may become too narrow and weak, increasing the chances of the barrier to blood flow.

When brain tissue does not receive enough blood flow, it cannot receive enough oxygen and nutrients, and brain cells begin to die. This is what we mean when we talk about a stroke. A high-salt diet is more strongly linked to the development of high blood pressure, especially the rise in blood pressure that occurs with aging than is obesity combined with a lack of activity. The body’s sodium balance is thrown off by a diet heavy in salt. This results in fluid retention, which pushes even harder on the blood vessel walls. Fewer fatalities will be recorded in Haiti if the people consider reducing salt intake in food significantly if the average daily salt intake is reduced by only one gram. It is projected that if people worldwide reduced their salt intake from 10 grams per day to 6 grams per day, their blood pressure would drop, and almost 2.6 million stroke and heart attack-related fatalities would be avoided annually (WHO, 2020). Reducing your salt intake is one of the quickest strategies to improve your condition for those who record high blood pressure. The prevention strategy in reducing the cases of high blood pressure and stroke among the population is through awareness and education program that helps reduce salt intake. It is essential to appreciate the fact that exercise and a balanced diet are not enough to reduce stroke but look at the intake of salt since childhood (WHO, 2020). Professionals from the healthcare setting should take up the mandate of developing learning content that should be conducted in different parts of Haiti and involve the community leaders and also schools in making sure that the information reaches out to them. Using various platforms, including social media, will help significantly reduce stroke and intake of salt that risks people’s lives.

Importance of Dietary Intervention for Cardiovascular Diseases

Diet and exercise are anticipated to keep people in good health, as are their weight-related issues. Stewart et al. (2017) claim that nutrition has a significant influence on the prediction of cardiovascular disease risk, but there is not much data to support clear suggestions for people to follow. The American Heart Association (AHA), for example, works to encourage a healthy diet in the United States. Using low-sugar foods, including vegetables, fruits, and grains, is inspired by the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) (Stewart et al., 2017). A high-saturated-fat, high-cholesterol diet is recommended (The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2019). Patients with cardiovascular issues are often prescribed low-sugar and low-salt diets as part of their treatment. To avoid high blood pressure and heart failure concerns, it is important to limit the consumption of salty foods linked to water retention (Bowen et al., 2018). To reduce blood pressure, sodium intake should not exceed 1500-2400 mg daily (Bowen et al., 2018). However, eliminating salt from one’s diet is never a good idea because the body benefits from salt’s existence. Considering limiting the highlighted food in the diet would help in a significant way in reducing the risks of CVD and stroke in particular. Haiti is a country that has reported high cases of cardiovascular diseases, and this is contributed highly by high salt and sugar intake that should be reduced through awareness and educational programs (Cannie et al., 2019).

Role of Exercise Training in Cardiovascular Disease Management

The Haitian population can prevent cardiovascular disease, including stroke, with improved lifestyle adjustments. Haiti’s government should consider adopting the best exercise programs that have been proven to help reduce mortality and morbidity rates and bring change in the health sector (Stewart et al., 2017). In other words, Haiti people should be compelled to engage in physical activity or enroll in physical education programs. On the other hand, it has been indicated that increased exercise improves health and reduces risk (Chauhdry, 2021). Another weekly or biweekly exercise to engage in is muscle strengthening (Stewart et al., 2017). People at high risk of heart disease should check with their therapists to see if the suggested change is safe for them.

Addressing Stroke through Education

Haiti has experienced more cases of cardiovascular diseases as compared to HIV disease, and this has been an urgent concern because more people are losing their lives. Education and awareness are an intervention that is necessary for educating the public about the importance of avoiding fried fast foods, excessive salt, and sugar and considering engaging in physical exercise (Jean‐Charles, 2014). The population needed to be educated to engage in dietary learning programs and physical lessons that prepare them to avoid cardiovascular diseases like stroke that are preventable (Hickey et al., 2018). Losing someone close due to stroke was a challenging experience as a resident of Haiti, and this shows that more focus should be directed towards preventing the disease from minimizing the burden the conditions are bringing to the healthcare system.

Medication

A recombinant TPA (also known as alteplase (Activase) and TNKase) injection by intravenous (IV) infusion is the gold standard treatment for ischemic stroke (Mayo Clinic, 2022). Within the initial 3 hours, an injectable TPA is usually administered through a vein in the arm. TPA can be administered up to 4.5 hours after the onset of stroke symptoms. This medicine restores blood flow by breaking the blood clot that caused the stroke. This could help patients recover more rapidly from a stroke if the cause of the stroke is swiftly eliminated.

References

Bowen, K. J., Sullivan, V. K., Kris-Etherton, P. M., & Petersen, K. S. (2018). Nutrition and cardiovascular disease – An update. Current Atherosclerosis Reports, 20(2).

Brinsden, H., & Farrand, C. (2017). Reducing salt; preventing stroke. Nutrition Bulletin, 37(1), 57-63. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-3010.2011.01947.x

Cannie, D. E., Akhtar, M. M., & Elliott, P. (2019). Hidden in heart failure. European Cardiology Review, 14(2), 89-96. Web.

CDC. (2018). Fast Food Consumption among Adults in the United States, 2013–2016. Cdc.gov. Retrieved 19 July 2022, from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/databriefs/db322.htm.

Chauhdry, H. (2021). Understanding the importance of recognising, treating, and preventing stroke. Nursing Standard, 37(1), 77-82. https://doi.org/10.7748/ns.2021.e11596

El Mabchour, A., Delisle, H., Vilgrain, C., Larco, P., Sodjinou, R., & Batal, M. (2022). Specific cut-off points for waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio as predictors of cardiometabolic risk in Black subjects: a cross-sectional study in Benin and Haiti. Retrieved 19 July 2022, from.

Gillespie, C. (2021). Fried Food Increases Risk of Stroke and Heart Disease, Analysis Finds. Verywell Fit. Retrieved 19 July 2022, from https://www.verywellfit.com/fried-food-increases-heart-disease-stroke-risk-5097461.

Gudsoorkar, P., & Tobe, S. (2017). Changing concepts in hypertension management. Journal of Human Hypertension, 31(12), 763-767. https://doi.org/10.1038/jhh.2017.57

Hickey, A., Mellon, L., Williams, D., Shelley, E., & Conroy, R. M. (2018). Does stroke health promotion increase awareness of appropriate behavioural response? Impact of the face, arm, speech, and time (FAST) campaign on population knowledge of stroke risk factors, warning signs, and emergency response. European Stroke Journal, 3(2), 117-125. Web.

Jean‐Charles, R. (2014). Challenges in Hypertension: The Haiti Experience. The Journal of Clinical Hypertension, 16(2), 97-98. https://doi.org/10.1111/jch.12241

Lanier, J. B., Berry, D. C., & Richardson, S. W. (2016). Diet and physical activity for cardiovascular disease prevention. American Family Physician, 93(11), 919-924. Web.

Lookens, J., Tymejczyk, O., Rouzier, V., Smith, C., Preval, F., & Joseph, I. et al. (2020). The Haiti cardiovascular disease cohort: study protocol for a population-based longitudinal cohort. BMC Public Health, 20(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-09734-x

Marseille, B., Commodore‐Mensah, Y., Davidson, P., Baker, D., D’Aoust, R., & Baptiste, D. (2021). Improving hypertension knowledge, medication adherence, and blood pressure control: A feasibility study. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 30(19-20), 2960-2967. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.15803

Mayo Clinic. (2022). Stroke – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic. Mayoclinic.org. Retrieved 31 July 2022, from https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/stroke/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20350119#:~:text=AnIVinjectionofrecombinant,withinthefirstthreehours.

McNairy, & Leighton, M. (2019). A Longitudinal Cohort Study to Evaluate Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Disease in Haiti. Case Medical Research. https://doi.org/10.31525/ct1-nct03892265

Polsinelli, V., Satchidanand, N., Singh, R., Holmes, D., & Izzo, J. (2016). Hypertension and aging in rural Haiti: results from a preliminary survey. Journal of Human Hypertension, 31(2), 138-144. https://doi.org/10.1038/jhh.2016.52

Qin, P., Zhang, M., Han, M., Liu, D., Luo, X., & Xu, L. et al. (2021). Fried-food consumption and risk of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality: a meta-analysis of observational studies. Heart, 107(19), 1567-1575. https://doi.org/10.1136/heartjnl-2020-317883

Ruan, Y., Guo, Y., Zheng, Y., Huang, Z., Sun, S., Kowal, P., Shi, Y., & Wu, F. (2018). Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and associated risk factors among older adults in six low-and middle-income countries: Results from SAGE Wave 1. BMC Public Health, 18(1). Web.

Stewart, J., Manmathan, G., & Wilkinson, P. (2017). Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease: A review of contemporary guidance and literature. JRSM Cardiovascular Disease, 6. Web.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2019). Know your risk for heart disease. CDC. Web.

WHO. (2020). Salt reduction. Who.int. Retrieved 3 August 2022, from https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/salt-reduction.

Bioterrorism Power point Presentation Please select one of the following topics Anthrax

Bioterrorism

Power point Presentation

Please select one of the following topics

Anthrax

Smalllpox

Hemorrhagic  Fevers (Ebola)

Botulism

Tularemia

West Nile Virus-

Typhus

Influenza

TB

Rabies

Hantavirus

Ricin Toxin

Diarrheagenic E-Coli

Explain Category A, B & C Biological Agents

Maximum 5 slides.

Choose and research your topic- discuss the following: 

Prevalence 

Areas most affected

Presentation of the disease if exposure is successful

What is the treatment, if any

Discuss the importance of this topic in community nursing; 

What has been done so far

As a community health nurse, how would you deal with this issue differently?