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The Trust Element in News Media online history assignment help: online history assignment help
The Trust Element in News Media
Indeed, globalization has initiated a high degree of competition in news media that has driven many news firms and reporters to the gloomier side of journalistic mischief. Today, it seems the majority of media houses are more than willing to engage in any act, be it virtuous or depraved, to maintain their relevance in the current fast-paced 24/7 breaking news circle. This perspective is supported by the various commentaries and investigative reports linking prominent media entities to biased reporting in politics, false accounting of events, and deliberate breaches of privacy. This tendency has mainly resulted in widespread loss of trust in many news media, as mentioned by many well-conducted and controlled studies suggesting that the majority of united states citizens are “not very confident” that the facts presented therein are unbiased. What does this mean? In their rush to out-smart each other by using devious means, news providers are gradually losing their relevance to society. That is, they are unconsciously losing a considerable portion of the very following that they are grappling for in the first place, and impeding the development of a justly informed society in the process. Given that news media agencies are the designated “watchdogs” for the citizens, there is an impelling need to apply collaborated efforts to address the emergent loss of trust in its press-related activities.
Acceptably, most of the antagonistic changes in new journalism are attributed to the gradual shift of the enterprise from its previous pure ‘watchdog’ status to a largely profit-oriented industry. This shift is mainly attributed to the rise of the media mogul – the few highly influential entities that own mainstream media (Nelsen 144-145). As implied by Orlando in his analysis of Nightcrawler, the character of Nina Romina played by Rene Russo to illustrate how media owners tend to redefine ‘acceptable content’ to suit their profiteering interests (Orlando 33). From her description of acceptable news, one can deduce that her main concern is to attract an extensive viewing regardless of the footage’s authenticity. Here, it becomes apparent that media corporations have been turned into typical profit-making entities by the media moguls. That is, news that is deemed to be “worthless” to the profit-making course will be discarded, regardless of its importance, and informative evidence. On their part, journalists are compelled by the pressures to avail “worthy” material, which drives them to engage in dubious activities to meet this demand. This trend is evidenced by the various high-profile court cases that have linked journalists to extremely unjust and criminal conduct, such as the infamous 2011 phone-hacking scandal in Britain (Williams 1). As a result, the ensuing casts are often misleading and inaccurate, which causes public mistrust of media news content to escalate.
Besides the media cartels, politics has also continued to elicit negative journalism behavior in news media. Historically, authorities have tended to use news media to convey and sell their political agendas to the public. On their part, news providers often strive to keep the masses informed about different political realm developments. However, the high competition in the recent few decades has seen the establishment of dubious associations between politicians and journalists (Nelsen 145). To remain relevant and competitive, many journalists and media houses often opt to collaborate with influential political and government personalities in exchange for protection, high-profile interviews, and crucial information leaks. In exchange, such news outlets may accord their political allies more coverage than their foes or desist from publishing damaging facts about them (Nelsen 145). This practice outrightly contradicts the journalistic doctrines of justice, impartiality, and honesty. The public is continually deprived of crucial information that is essential for making informed decisions.
Fortunately, as with other industry issues, the trust problem in news media can be addressed through the application of appropriate strategies. For starters, there is an impelling need to tame the media moguls who are continually pressurizing reporters. The news media owners need to be reminded about the purpose of journalism. But how? Empowering journalism oversight bodies and establishing stringent punitive measures for offenders can serve to enhance compliance with journalistic doctrines (Nelsen 149-150). It is also necessary to vet journalists regularly to ensure that only professionals are involved in news reporting. From Orlando’s review of the Nightcrawler, one can tell how easy it is today to become a ‘journalist.’ All it takes is a camera and a media platform, such as was the case with the film’s prodigy Lou Bloom (Orlando 32). Pruning out such characters will ensure that only quality news is released to consumers. Thus, implementing a policy that combines these strategies can pave the way for significant reforms to restore public trust in new media.
In conclusion, the rise of media kingpins and the quest for profitability has invoked a high-level competition among broadcasters to retain their relevance in the exceedingly fast-paced 24/7 news market. This change has encouraged some journalists to embrace dubious means to impress their bosses and build their brands. As a result, public trust in newscasts and related pronouncements has significantly deteriorated over the past few decades. As society’s designated watchdog and information source, there is an urge to realign news media to its journalistic mandate and restore the trust element. As implied, this can be achieved through the application of strategies to tame media moguls, enhance oversight, continually vet journalists, and regulate the practice. At the very least, this should spur the desired reaction.
Orlando, Nicholas. “Deconstructing an Evil Fakeness: Digital Media and Truth in Dan Gilroy’s Nightcrawler.” Excursions, vol. 9, no. 1, 2019, pp. 28-44.
Williams, Edelman. “Why Trust Matters.” Digital News Report, 2016. Available at http://www.digitalnewsreport.org/essays/2016/why-trust-matters/. Accessed: 16 May, 2020.
Nelsen, Mark, M. “What is to be Done? Options for Combating the Menace of Media Capture.” In the Service of Power: Media Capture and the Threat to Democracy, edited by Anya, Schiffrin. Washington, DC: National Endowment for Democracy, 2017, pp. 143-160.
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Nature versus nature on influencing human behavior gcse history essay help
Individual behavior influence
Introduction
Genetic or learned factors can influence individual behavior. Researchers have engaged in this particular debate for many years, but as time goes by, it becomes easier to understand the influence of each factor on human behavior. Nature refers to the traits that we are born with that influence human behavior or rather biological factors. On the other hand, nurture refers to the factors that influence human behavior after one has been conceived with such as exposure to various life experiences, and things that we learn as we grow up. Some of the things that are measured to determine the level of impact on human behavior include the personality traits of a person as well as the way they think because thought has an effect on human behavior. The fact of the matter is that nature and nurture have an impact on our personalities in more ways than we can imagine. In this paper, I argue that nurture is more influential on individual behavior than nature.
Nature versus nature on influencing human behavior
My position is that genetic factors indeed influence behavior. However, they are not as dominant as acquired behaviors in my view. Early philosophers such as Plato and Descartes were the early proponents of nature’s influence on human behavior. The reasoning behind their arguments was based on the belief that certain individual behaviors are inborn. This means that regardless of environmental impacts on behavior, the genetic factors still dominate the behavioral influence. Then there are nativists who are of the view that human personality traits are direct as a result of behavioral traits inherited from one generation to another. One way the behavioral genetics proponents have been able to support their argument is by explaining how psychological traits are influenced more by inherited personality traits than by nature. It was evident that personality traits can be affected by the way a person thinks. In fact, it is believed that adoption is more dominant in relatives who share the same genetic makeup and a different environment.
In fact, past studies on twins have shown that the aspects of heredity are shared by twins, and the adoptions of inherited traits are almost 50% among non-identical twins and even more dominant in identical twins. This supports the hypothesis that behavioral genetics are very influential in determining individual behavior. Indeed, past research has also shown a strong correlation between personality traits such as empathy, hyperactivity, and reading to be closely associated with genetic inheritance. Then there is the aspect of polygenic inheritance, which states that thousands of collectively developed genes are responsible for certain behaviors in an individual as opposed to that of a single gene. An example of polygenic traits is depression, which can be passed down the genetic structure.
Nurture factors are hugely influential and often override nature. This means that, more often than not, people’s behavioral traits are more influenced by social and environmental factors than genetic factors. Early thinkers like John Locke advocated for what was known as Tabula rasa. This means that when a person is born, they come into the world with a clean slate. As such, this means that everything that our behaviors and personality traits portray is acquired as we grow up in our immediate environment. For example, when a man abuses his wife and children, one can explain that he learned the behavior from his father as he grew up watching his mother being abused. The social learning theory is a classical explanation of how behavior is acquired as we grow up. According to Bandura, behavioral attributes are learned from one person to another. For example, when a child observes an adult doing something, they unconsciously learn and acquire the behavior and are more likely to portray the learned behavior in a different setting. When it comes to adolescents, peer pressure has a profound impact on learned behavior simply by association and behavioral traits learning in order to fit in within a more dominant group. A good example is the social media behavior influence on teens and adolescents. Environmental factors are also responsible for the way people perceive themselves while parental love can cause people to feel loved or neglected and thus act accordingly. For example, girls that lack fatherly love may lack self-confidence later in life or even distrust men whole dating in the future.
Based on an evaluation of the two perspectives, I am more compelled by the nurture argument as opposed to the nature argument for several reasons. First, I believe that even genetic factors have a slight effect on influencing our behavioral attributes. However, acquired behavior is more dominant in my view since we tend to learn things from an early age and adapt according to the behavior we learn. There is the issue of environmental influence, which is more clearly seen among adolescents. Adolescents who grow up in abusive relationships are more likely to be aggressive, while those that grow up in areas that are crime-ridden and have high cases of violence and substance abuse are more likely to adapt to those behaviors. This is true because, as the social learning theory portrays, people can learn from their immediate environments and develop personalities based on what they have learned.
The social environment also can change people who grew up in environments affected by crime or substance abuse and, for example, go to colleges where people are high achievers and are more likely to find no time to abuse drugs or stay idle. This influence causes behavioral change as a result, which might be more beneficial in terms of developing more productive behaviors. This explains why more educated Americans are less likely to abuse substances or even engage in crimes than those Americans who are less educated.
Conclusion
The bottom line is that people increasingly realize that social, environmental factors are more dominant in influencing human behaviors than hereditary factors. I believe that we are all born with a clean slate, and as we progress, we start learning from our parents, immediate environment, and this shapes our personality more than genetic factors. One may be genuinely bright from an academic angle, but if they are born in an environment of social abuse and substance abuse, their inherited abilities may be useless and not help them much in the future. In addition, one may genetically have the right personality or be empathetic, but if they are exposed to peer pressure, they may get influenced and change their behaviors. Social and environmental factors are more dominant in shaping individual behavior when compared to genetic factors, which may never be tapped in by a person during their lifetime.
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The Bad Mood and the Stick history assignment example: history assignment example
Individual Learning Project
The story The Bad Mood and the Stick has a lot of connection with Jean Piaget study of a child’s development. According to Lourenco (2016), Piaget notes that as children develop, they gain the pre-social behaviour in terms of negotiation and gain. The pre-social responses usually are expressed due to unfavourable conditions raising negative emotions generated as a result of adverse treatments. The little girl Curly is emotionally disturbed because of the environmental conditions. Curly’s mother failed to buy her ice cream that they did not find in the local shop from where they are sold (Snicket, 2017). Therefore, Curly understands that there is not any other place from where the ice can be purchased and develops emotional distress. According to Piaget, children’s emotions are influenced by the environment. In the story, The Bad Mood and the Stick the young girl develops huger because of environmental experiences.
Additionally, Piaget compares the emotional behaviour of children and adults, which depicts in the story. Piaget notes that children react to their emotions like adults. Children like adults also get annoyed with insult and act to gain emotional stability. The concept of Piaget expresses in the story The Bad Mood and the Stick because the annoyed girl gets a stick that she uses to prick the younger brother as a way of reliving her emotions or huger of not getting the ice (Snicket, 2017). Once the brother feels bad, Curly also feels relived out of hunger because she has found a means to rest her desire. The same case applies to her mother, who also develops emotions because she observed her daughter bully her brother and feels upset for that matter. Curly’s mother also feels relived after she watches some fall in the mad with the paddles. Lou, the guy who falls in the muddy with the paddle, feels stress-free only after he gets cleaned in the laundry.
Moreover, one can also learn from Piaget that emotions are shared and translated to other people to feel relieved. In the story, The Bad Mood and the Stick people release their feelings on others either through seeing others suffer or feel of comfort (Snicket, 2017). Lou gets to the laundry to receive the cleaning services and feels happy, yet Carly’s mother relives the stress through see Lou suffers. In essence, both the adults and the children behave the same way when exposed to stress because both feel relieved at the expense of other people’s suffering.
Moreover, the concept of learning also appears in the story The Bad Mood and the Stick as depicted in the behaviour of the child. Lourenco (2016) indicates that Piaget outlines the children develops the picture of the world based on the schemas that are fundamental building blocks that form knowledge. The children usually develop the mental image that organizes their ideas towards a specific direction, an idea that can be explained using the concept of object permanence. In the story, the Young girl had known the exact location where the ice cream that she wanted to be was found based on the experience from the mental picture. One she notices the ice was missing; she felt terrible and believed that there was no option like another place to find the ice cream. Typically, the story The Bad Mood and the Stick connects with Piaget’s study on the emotional development of children and adults because the book displays some of the prominent characters associated with emotions.
References
Lourenço, O. M. (2016). Developmental stages, Piagetian stages in particular: A critical review. New Ideas in Psychology, 40, 123-137.
Snicket, L. (2017). The Bad Mood and the Stick. Little, Brown Books for Young Readers.
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Infiltration Threats along the U.S. Borders history assignment help in uk
Infiltration Threats along the U.S. Borders
From the current news, the number one infiltration threat is from special interest aliens who are currently crossing borders into the U.S. land. The Special Interest Aliens (SIAs) moving across the borders may comprise of individuals who may pose possible national security risks to the U.S. According to existing data, a large number of SIAs have managed to penetrate the U.S. borders, with only a few of them being caught (Bensman, 2016, 22). However, the number of SIAs that remain undetected in the interior of American land is still unknown. There is prospected violence boundary infiltration arising from the trafficking of SIA. Even though most SIAs may lack terrorism connectivity, there is a possibility of the trafficking linkages, which will make it easy for terrorist explorers to reach and cross the U.S. borders. The smuggling of SIAs across the U.S. borders is a threat that seems abandoned.
My recommended strategy for countering the SIA infiltration risk is to increase the number of detectives regarding American counter-trafficking from the conservative organizations enforcing the law. The detectives include Immigration and Customs Enforcement representatives employed to ambassador offices in the major transit states. The deployed agents will mainly target the SIA principal traffickers and their prospective heirs (Bensman, 2016.p26). Moreover, policymakers ought to ensure that the investigators to SIA trafficking are not diverted to drug smuggling. American investigators will locate and track the trafficking hierarchies and share this information with other investigators. America ought to pressure other governments to deploy informers. Moreover, there is a need to survey the targeted expatriate communities and cultural regions through which the trafficking of humans is conducted (Bensman, 2016.p27). Similarly, the U.S. government ought to employ intelligence officers who will gather data from ethnonational territories.
Reference
Bensman, T., 2016. The Ultra-Marathoners of Human Smuggling: How to Combat the Dark Networks that Can Move Terrorists over American Land Borders. Homeland Security Affairs, 12.
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