Globalization by Manfred Steger and reading John Zarobell’s essay, “The Art Market in the Margins,” What is Steger’s “very

SFT 100 TEAMWORK AND COLLABORATION SPRING 2022 Group number Student ID Name-Surname

SFT 100

TEAMWORK AND COLLABORATION

SPRING 2022

Group number

Student ID

Name-Surname

Section

12

58169

Abdulwahab Bandae

59231

Fahad Alazemi

58607

Abdullah Alhajiri

57264

Abdulkarem ALMurjan

55335

Abdullah Alrabeea

ASSIGNMENT 5 – GROUP PROJECT DELIVERABLE 2

In Assignment 4 Group Project 1, you accomplished a remote task collaboratively. It was an experience of working in distributed teams.

As it is expressed in our course book Teamwork and Team Building, 2nd edition a distributed team is a team which has members in different geographic locations. Distributed teams have special requirements that make them different from teams that can meet in the same location as shown in the figure below:

Skills distributed teams need:

Task:

Please choose 4 of the skills in the figure above, and explain how you worked on each of them during your team work in Assignment 4. Don’t forget to support your explanations by giving details about your experience of working in a distributed team.

In the reflection paragraph, please reflect upon your experience and write your recommendations for future students who may do same type of a task in a distributed team.

Instructions:

Type your answers in the allocated boxes. Handwriting is not accepted.

You can submit the file either as a Word file or as pdf. But you must use this template.

Each answer is worth 20 points.

Each answer should be a paragraph with maximum 100 words.

One of the skills that were initially used was the management of the project, it was mainly used by Abdulwahab Bandar who was the leader. It was used to ensure his students took him seriously and responded to his requests. It’s called pool management. Having authority on one’s face makes it easier to listen to their demands. As before it also helps them to determine whether their fellows have sufficient expertise, talent, and even experience for the game. Helping to know who to major or and who to give less attention to.

One of the skills that were initially used was the management of the project, it was mainly used by Abdulwahab Bandar who was the leader. It was used to ensure his students took him seriously and responded to his requests. It’s called pool management. Having authority on one’s face makes it easier to listen to their demands. As before it also helps them to determine whether their fellows have sufficient expertise, talent, and even experience for the game. Helping to know who to major or and who to give less attention to.Skill 1: ______Manage Projects________________________s

Network with others, slightly meant more communication to be practiced, more than the one single handily doing the work. It meant more communication, which is desired in the game to win the cup. It was generally practiced by each person that was to participate. Hearing advice from one person on where necessary to take your shot so that one might hit the right billiard ball for double scores for the great win of the time. It could also be asking for help. It then shows that teamwork is practiced as it is needed.

Network with others, slightly meant more communication to be practiced, more than the one single handily doing the work. It meant more communication, which is desired in the game to win the cup. It was generally practiced by each person that was to participate. Hearing advice from one person on where necessary to take your shot so that one might hit the right billiard ball for double scores for the great win of the time. It could also be asking for help. It then shows that teamwork is practiced as it is needed.Skill 2: _____________Network with others_________________

Cultural differences might be on the rise of so many things that tend to give the rise to either the winning or even the conflict in the game. Cultural differences are said to be beliefs and values. It might be ultimate for everyone to respect what others believe in, without having the urge to criticize them since they do not believe in the same thing. Because they were from different denominations, the group tended to respect cultural differences. It made a big difference because we chose to work together, which led to much success.

Cultural differences might be on the rise of so many things that tend to give the rise to either the winning or even the conflict in the game. Cultural differences are said to be beliefs and values. It might be ultimate for everyone to respect what others believe in, without having the urge to criticize them since they do not believe in the same thing. Because they were from different denominations, the group tended to respect cultural differences. It made a big difference because we chose to work together, which led to much success.

Impersonal difference showing to be one’s personal difference from the other that is said statistically to lead negatively correlated with project performance; did not bring out the course for it to have interfered in any way. It meant that we all accepted each other despite our flaws for us to be able to work together and in harmony. Interpersonal interference did not tend to show up at any point, the union between each other and hearing one another showed that teamwork was permanently relayed with no bad expectations on hand. It was to ensure our wins.

Impersonal difference showing to be one’s personal difference from the other that is said statistically to lead negatively correlated with project performance; did not bring out the course for it to have interfered in any way. It meant that we all accepted each other despite our flaws for us to be able to work together and in harmony. Interpersonal interference did not tend to show up at any point, the union between each other and hearing one another showed that teamwork was permanently relayed with no bad expectations on hand. It was to ensure our wins.Skill 3: ______Cultural differences________________________

Skill 4: _____Interpersonal Difference_________________________

That is the art of teamwork. One should not want to do it alone in the name of independence as you may need; advice, pushing from people who believe in you, directions, and even much more to it than expected. People tend to team up and be the best they can every step of the way for a win guarantee. Insight pool may be the best game to play not only in a team but also for students to help them reason and understand better.

That is the art of teamwork. One should not want to do it alone in the name of independence as you may need; advice, pushing from people who believe in you, directions, and even much more to it than expected. People tend to team up and be the best they can every step of the way for a win guarantee. Insight pool may be the best game to play not only in a team but also for students to help them reason and understand better.Reflection Paragraph: Please write your recommendations for future students who may do same type of a task in a distributed team.

2 Question 1 Albert Nolan, in his book “Jesus Before Christianity”, delineates

Globalization by Manfred Steger and reading John Zarobell’s essay, “The Art Market in the Margins,” What is Steger’s “very Writing Assignment Help 2

Question 1

Albert Nolan, in his book “Jesus Before Christianity”, delineates Jesus’ unique mission to the poor as follows:

Jesus came primarily for the poor and outcast. He came to proclaim the coming of the kingdom of God, which would be a kingdom of justice and peace. He came to challenge the rich and powerful and to expose their hypocrisy. He came to confront the religious establishment and to call it to repentance. He came to heal the sick and to set the captives free (Nolan 36).

Progressively, Jesus identified himself completely with the poor and outcast. He shared their sorrows and their struggles. He ate with them and slept with them. He was one of them. It is important to note that Jesus was not just a social reformer. He was a revolutionary. He was not content to better the conditions of the poor. He came to change the system that oppressed them. He came to overthrow the powers that be. Lastly, the kingdom of God that Jesus proclaimed was not just a future hope. It was a present reality. It was a new way of life that was available to all who would follow him. Jesus did not just come to preach a gospel of love and forgiveness. He came to preach a gospel of justice and liberation (Nolan 45)

In understanding Jesus unique mission to the poor, the principle suffering of the poor is that they are forgotten by society. They are seen as invisible and unimportant, and their voices are often not heard. They suffer from poverty, illness, and discrimination, and they often have little hope for a better future. On the other hand, In the book “Jesus before Christianity”, Albert Nolan explains that sickness was seen as a punishment from God for sin, and that the sick was seen as outcasts. Jesus, however, saw the sick as people who needed help, and he healed them. In regard to how forgiveness was mediated, Jesus’ unique mission to the poor was to proclaim the good news of the kingdom of God and to offer forgiveness to those who repent. He did this by preaching the gospel, healing the sick, and casting out demons. He also taught his disciples to do the same (Nolan 48).

Question 2

In his book, Albert Nolan explores the historical Jesus – the man who lived before Christianity existed. He looks at the evidence of Jesus’ life and teachings from a variety of sources, including the Bible, early Christian writings, and non-Christian sources. He argues that the Jesus of history was a man of love and compassion, who preached a message of peace and justice. Christianity, on the other hand, is a religion that has developed over time, and has often been used to promote violence and division. Nolan argues that it is time for Christians to return to the teachings of the historical Jesus and to reject the violence and bigotry that has so often been associated with the religion (Nolan 4).

Nolan refers to a new interpretive perspective as the “missing link” in understanding the life of Jesus. This perspective provides a more holistic and accurate understanding of who Jesus was and what he did. It takes into account the historical and cultural context in which Jesus lived and the different ways in which he was understood by his followers (Nolan 8).

Additionally, the new interpretive perspective takes into account the historical Jesus and the development of Christianity. This perspective allows for a more nuanced understanding of the origins of Christianity and the figure of Jesus himself. This perspective is based on the work of scholars such as James Tabor, Reza Aslan, and Bart Ehrman. It is also informed by the latest archaeological discoveries. This perspective is essential for understanding the life of Jesus and his significance for our world today (Nolan 11).

11 The concepts of business acquisitions, mergers and consolidation of financial Statements

11

The concepts of business acquisitions, mergers and consolidation of financial

Statements

Student’s Name:

Instructors Name:

Course Name

Due Date

Part 1: The concepts of business acquisitions, mergers and consolidation of financial statements.

Business acquisition

Business acquisition is the corporate transaction in which one company decides to purchase a portion of the total shares of a different company. The primary purpose of acquisitions is typically helping to control, build on 5he company’s strengths, and capture the synergies of a particular company. The acquiring company acquires the power to make and amend decisions that are concerned without approval from the owners of the specific company. In this case, both companies still exist as separate legal entities, where one of the companies becomes the parent of the other company. Acquisitions in the business have various advantages, such as reducing the entry barrier and powering the market.

The concept of acquisition is essential in the business as it assists in the reduction of entry barriers. According to the analysis done by West et al. (2017), An acquisition can help overcome previously difficult market entrance hurdles. This is mainly due to the high cost needed to renovate the market entry. The high price is required for market research development of a new variety of commodities. And with the assistance of the acquisition, this can be achieved with significantly less amount involved.

An acquisition is beneficial in increasing the market power of a particular company. Even though competition can be fierce, growth through acquisition can help you achieve a competitive advantage in the industry (West et al., 2017). This is because the parental company keeps the consumer’s demand at the top. This makes the acquired company meet all the requests respective to their financial difficulties that may arise. This process thus is essential in assisting the company in achieving the market synergies required.

Business mergers

The concept of the merger is viewed as the agreement that unities two companies that existed independently into one new company. Conglomerate, congeneric, market extension, horizontal, and vertical mergers are the five major types of mergers. In most cases, the companies that agree to merge should be almost equal in size, customers, and the familiar scale of operations.

Mergers are primarily involved as they assist the company in gaining more market shares. Besides, it is beneficial as it assists in the reduction of cost operation of the two companies involved. The merger is essential as it helps expand companies’ territories.

The two companies involved in the merger are likely to benefit from the gain of the market shares. A corporation can acquire other businesses to gain market share and resources that it currently lacks (Jiang et al., 2021). The two companies are likely to benefit from each other in terms of capital and resources. This assists in making more products that, in return, results in an increment in market shares for both companies.

Besides, mergers are essential as they assist in the reduction of the cost involved in the production of products. A larger pool of capital becomes available with a union, allowing business owners to obtain financing without having to dip into their own pockets (Jiang et al., 2021). This helps reduce the capital required to produce a certain quantity of goods. This is because there is maximum sharing of the costs involved in producing particular products for both companies.

Business consolidation

The concept of business consolidation refers to the act where there is a combination of different company units into a single and more extensive organization. The idea is involved in the business to improve the company company’s operational efficiency. This is achieved by reducing redundant personnel and process involved in the production of commodities. This concept occurs in two significant ways, including statutory consolidation and the variable interest entities. Consolidation can result in a more extensive client base and a market share concentration.

The concept of consolidation is vital and assists in expanding the client base of a given company. Combining enterprises or business units into a larger entity frequently improves the new company’s bottom line (Cook, 2017). This essentially assists the existing company in increasing its bases by creating more chances for which the client can invest. The company is likely to purchase more units to satisfy the more extensive consumer base made after consolidation.

Besides, business consolidation is essential as it can result in the concentration of the market shares. Coalitions of businesses can result in an engagement of market share, a more diverse product portfolio, a broader geographic reach, and hence a more extensive client base (cook, 2017).

Part 2: Heinz & Kraft business acquisition and merger

Introduction

H.J. Heinz Holding Corporation (Heinz Holding) paid $52 billion for Kraft Foods Group, Inc. (Kraft) in 2015. The two companies joined together to form the known company by the name Heinz & Kraft Company. The acquisition was carried out with a subsidiary of Kraft holding the first acquisition. This marked the Heinz surviving making them to have the second transaction that led into Kraft holding subsidiary. The acquisition gave the present company, Heinz & Kraft, a good opportunity to accelerate their international growth. The growth was mainly centered towards the taste of the consumers of their products. This resulted to the growth of their net profit significantly as they had delicious products that customers liked. Through the acquisition, both Kraft and Heinz hope to expand their food service business in Brazil.

Reasons for acquisitions

The acquisition of Heinz & Kraft Company mainly took place due to couple of strategic reasons. The main reason for the acquisition was due to economic between the core part of the two companies. The following are some of numerous reasons that made Heinz & Kraft Company to combine:

Increasing their capabilities

The two companies decided to go for acquisition as they needed to expand their research and development on variety of food products that they manufacture. This was important as it would increase their manufacturing operations. Based on the research done, corporations may wish to join forces in order to save money on expensive manufacturing procedures (Raw et al., 2019). The acquisition of the Hertz and Kraft was hoped to boost their way of operation. This acquisition mainly helped the Kraft to acquire a unique technology platform instead of inventing their own. Besides, the acquisition or mergers between the two companies would be lead to extreme investments that are necessary for successful marketing outcomes.

They wanted to gain a competitive advantage

The Hertz and Kraft companies merged as they wanted to build a better distribution of their products. The Kraft Company wanted to expand into different grounds of market where a Hertz company was already operating at. This would help the Hertz Company to expand their marketing networks all over the world as the resulting company would have a wider customer base. Rather than starting from scratch, a company may decide to grow into new markets where a similar company already exists, and so combine with the other company (Raw et al., 2019). Thus the resulting company, Hertz & Kraft particularly would have increased their market advantages as the products will be produced in big masses. This is due the fact that they want to meet the wide range of customers all over the global.

Diversifying products or services

Diversifying products was another reason that made Hertz and Kraft to go for acquisition. According to the research done, two businesses may be able to achieve a competitive advantage in the marketplace by combining their products or services (Raw et al., 2019). The Kraft joined the Hertz to strengthen the services side of their technology and this deal gives them a great value in profit. Besides, their acquisitions aimed at combining services and products and distribute them all over the world resulting into a strategic increase in the total revenue.

They wanted to cut down costs

The acquisition of the Hertz and Kraft’s companies was mainly to cut and reduce down the cost that is needed to produce goods and services. According to the research done, when businesses merge, they often have the chance to consolidate sites or cut costs by merging and streamlining support activities (Raw et al., 2019). This would help the two companies lower the total cost of production and thus would enable the increase the volume of products and services produced. In so doing, they would help maximize the total profit that would be achieved after the sale of the produce.

The “acquisition process between Hertz & kraft’s Company

The acquisition process between Hertz and Kraft companies involved the standard slate of characters. The CEO by then of the two companies signed off the deal and they were responsible for making different decisions. The decisions were based on the risks and rewards that were first demonstrated between the two firms. The CFO was evaluated the financial risks, liabilities and the benefits of the deals. He also managed all the due diligence processes and later reported all the information to bother CEOs of the companies. The companies involved a third-party consultant as it would assist in the valuation of the processes involved. An outside assessment can remove any emotional bias from the equation, allowing you to look at the numbers objectively (Fenwick et al., 2020). Besides the two companies involved an investment Bankers who acted as the financial advisors to the new brand of company. The investment bankers also epitomized the buyers and the sellers in the process.

Results of the Hertz & Kraft company acquisition

There are numerous results of expanding the Hertz & Kraft Company through the acquisition. These results include the following:

The resulting company managed to acquire quality staff and additional skills- The two companies had different personnel skill and introduction of acquisition typically resulted into improvement of the skills. The Hertz Company had a good management that was complement to that of Kraft. This gives the resulting company a chance to adapt the management style of running the larger business. The Hertz Company also had well driven personnel as its production involved larger quantities of production compare to the Kraft Company. Furthermore, the Kraft Company also had a staff of recruited personnel and they marked a value of addition to the existing personnel of the Hertz Company.

The acquisition of the two companies resulted to access of fund s and more valuable assets that would certain new development. The Kraft Company had a better chance to better their production without purchasing the expensive assets to facilitate production. This was because the Hertz Company had better distribution facilities that would serve for the production in the resulting company, Hertz & Kraft Company. The most of technological innovations that were achieved after acquisition could perform more tasks and thus the production was increased. Some of the business entities had numerous assets that were expensive to purchase and as a result of the acquisition the companies managed to contain high level of assets.

The acquisition assisted in the access of wider customer bases- this helped to increase the market shares of the two companies as every company had its own customer bases. The Hertz target business had more distribution channels in the Brazil Company. After the acquisition with the Kraft the resulting company had wider bases of customers all over the global regions. This made the Hertz & Kraft Company to be much more popular among many nations. The desire for acquisition helped the company on to improve the customer royalty as well as the improvement of taste and preference of their products. This helped to widen up the bases for the customers in all regions purchasing their products.

The organic growth of the two companies was accelerated- the acquisition of the Hertz & Kraft helped in combination of resources of the two companies. This significantly helped in the reduction of the cost of production. The existing plan of each company was accelerated to growth as there was advanced increase revenue collected per trading year. The combination of the resources marked a bigger company that was able to increase the needs of the employees. This also marked a new company that acquired the desired assets from the both sides of the companies involved.

Supporting Financial Statements

The balance sheet of Hertz Company before acquisition and merger

HERTZ BALANCE SHEET AS AT 31ST DEC 2014

FIXED ASSETS AMOUNT ($)

Tools and equipment 376,240.00

Furniture and fittings 47500.00

(Depreciation 695785.00

CURRENT ASSETS

Stock of raw material 180000.00

Cash at hand 100000.00

Cash at bank 4755079.00

Debtors 300000.00

CURRENT LIABILITIES

Tax and insurance 100000.00

Long term bank loan 1532500.00

NET CURRENT ASSETS 5335079.00

(LIABILITIES) 1632500.00

TOTAL ASSETS 3702579.00

CAPITAL 3096116.00

Introduced profit 1748463.00

Long term borrowing 3912000.00

Less repayment (429500.00) 9532500.00

7377079.00

The balance sheet of the Kraft Company before acquisition and merger

KRAFT BALANCE SHEET AS AT 31ST DEC 2014

FIXED ASSETS AMOUNT ($)

Tools and equipment 246,330.00

Furniture and fittings 91500.00

(Depreciation 555785.00

CURRENT ASSETS

Stock of raw material 172000.00

Cash at hand 91000.00

Cash at bank 6755079.00

Debtors 7610000.00

CURRENT LIABILITIES

Tax and insurance 120000.00

Long term bank loan 2132500.00

NET CURRENT ASSETS 6725079.00

(LIABILITIES) 3632500.00

TOTAL ASSETS 2312579.00

CAPITAL 2096116.00

Introduced profit 91748463.00

Long term borrowing 8112000.00

Less repayment (429500.00) 9532500.00

61577079.00

The balance sheet of the Hertz & Kraft Company after acquisition and merger

HERTZ & KRAFT BALANCE SHEET AS AT 31ST DEC 2015

FIXED ASSETS AMOUNT ($)

Tools and equipment 1444,240.00

Furniture and fittings 247500.00

(Depreciation 64595785.00

CURRENT ASSETS

Stock of raw material 2180000.00

Cash at hand 1067200.00

Cash at bank 72855079.00

Debtors 25140000.00

CURRENT LIABILITIES

Tax and insurance 425200.00

Long term bank loan 1732500.00

NET CURRENT ASSETS 8935079.00

(LIABILITIES) 1932500.00

TOTAL ASSETS 57202579.00

CAPITAL 3496116.00

Introduced profit 1848463.00

Long term borrowing 122000.00

Less repayment (429500.00) 10532500.00

8377079.00

From the analysis of the balance sheet the companies were able to achieve a company with higher assets that the existing individual companies. Besides, the company long-term borrowing reduced after acquisition and mergers. Upon determining the average number of inventories listed in the balance sheet after acquisition. We can see that the company’s average cost of sales increased after M & A due to the average inventory balance over the period after the acquisition. The Hertz & Kraft Company had a better operating margin this is due the less operating income to the net revenues as it can be seen in the balances sheets provided.

Value added to the acquirer company and the acquiree in acquisitions and mergers.
Capital Structure

The acquisition and mergers had a value added effect to capital structure of both the Hertz Company and the Kraft Company. According to the research done, M&A activity clearly has longer-term consequences for the acquiring company or the dominant organization in a merger than it does for the target company in a merger or the firm that is swallowed in a merger (Cook, 2017). The Hertz gave the Kraft Company an option to cash out at significant premium. This is mainly takes place where the transaction are made in liquid money. Hertz paid partly in cash as well as in the stock purchase and this gives the Kraft Company and added value to get a stake in the Hertz payment. This marked a vest in increment of interest and thus results into long-term success of the business.

Besides, the merges and the acquisition give both the Hertz and Kraft an opportunity to change each capital structure. This act gives the company an added value for the Kraft Company to substantially deplete the cash holding of the Hertz Company. This is due to the cash hoard available to make the fully payment of the target firm and the total amount that is financed through debt.

The acquisition of Hertz and Kraft was primarily for the purpose of cutting and reducing the cost of producing goods and services. According to the report, when companies merge, they typically have the opportunity to consolidate locations or decrease expenses by integrating and streamlining support activities (Raw et al., 2019). This would allow the two companies to cut their total cost of production, allowing them to manufacture more products and services. They would be able to maximize the total profit made following the sale of the produce by doing so.

Market Reaction

In the acquisition and merger the market reaction is another added value that the companies are likely to enjoy. According to the research done, Market reaction to news of an M&A transaction can be positive or negative, depending on market participants’ perceptions of the deal’s merits (Jiang et al., 2021). In our case, the Kraft Company shares increased to a level close to that of Hertz Company. This can be viewed as an added value to the company’s shares. If there is a sense that the acquirer has undervalued the target and may be obliged to raise it, or that the target firm is coveted enough to draw a competitor bid, the target’s shares may trade above the offer price (Hoagwood, 2020). This was one of the added values that were enjoyed by the Kraft Company.

The market reaction also added its value to the Hertz & Kraft Company to keep with the high price tag. According to the research done, perhaps market participants enjoyed the added value where they believed that the buying price is too high (Fenwick et al., 2020). The earnings per share are increased upon acquisition and merges. This gives the company and added value where the acquirer takes the debt of the finance to the acquisition. This gives the Kraft an added advantage to purchase with the fewer shares thus there profit per capita was higher.

References

Cook, J. (2017). Laboratory integration and consolidation in a regional health system. Laboratory Medicine, 48(3), e43-e52. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28525630/

Fenwick, K. M., Palinkas, L. A., Hurlburt, M. S., Lengnick-Hall, R. D., Horwitz, S. M., & Hoagwood, K. E. (2020). Acquisition of information about innovative practices in outpatient mental health clinics. Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research, 47(5), 752-763. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7222893/

Jiang, H. J., Fingar, K. R., Liang, L., Henke, R. M., & Gibson, T. P. (2021). Quality of Care Before and After Mergers and Acquisitions of Rural Hospitals. JAMA network open, 4(9), e2124662-e2124662. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8453322/

Raw, R. K., Wilkie, R. M., Allen, R. J., Warburton, M., Leonetti, M., Williams, J. H., & Mon-Williams, M. (2019). Skill acquisition as a function of age, hand and task difficulty: Interactions between cognition and action. PLoS One, 14(2), e0211706. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6366788/

West, J., Johnson, G., & Jha, A. K. (2017). Trends in acquisitions of physician practices and subsequent clinical integration: a mixed methods study. Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice, 23(6), 1444-1450.https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28971563/