Apply virtue ethics theory to the 2 case studies given in attached file. single spaced one page memo style

UTS Property Transactions: Assignment 2 (40 Marks) (Word limit 2,000 words) DUE

UTS Property Transactions: Assignment 2

(40 Marks) (Word limit 2,000 words)

DUE DATE: 9am FRIDAY 10 MAY 2019

Prepare and deliver in report form on the case of:-

Doueihi v Construction Technologies Australia Pty Ltd [2016] NSWCA 105

Recommended headings:

Case details (i.e. formal citation, court + judges sitting, history of case in the lower courts).

Briefly explain the concepts of “promissory estoppel”.

Facts of the case.

Issue(s) on appeal.

Summary of the judgments – explain the differences of opinion.

Ratio decidendi + important obiter dicta in the case.

Discuss the importance this decision has for the law.

TIPS:

Read the actual case!!! Do not rely on articles (or, even worse, Wikipedia). It is recommended to read it more than once.

Refer to legal textbooks to assist with your Case Note.

MARKING CRITERIA:-

Demonstrate a synthesis of property law. (50%)

Adequately research allocated topic. (30%)

Communicate knowledge to a professional standard. (20%)

Option 2 If you take this option, you are asked to write

Apply virtue ethics theory to the 2 case studies given in attached file. single spaced one page memo style Writing Assignment Help Option 2

If you take this option, you are asked to write a report on one of the following two topics:

| [Digital Media with IoT Technology] Requirements:

Define the aspects of discussion and/or the scope of work of the report clearly.

Investigate the current state-of-the-art practices, development and solutions related with the

chosen topic. A number of resources can be consulted, ranging from web sites to books, magazines,

and journals related to the subject of the chosen field.

Describe how the IoT technology can be used in the selected topic, in particular focus on your

chosen aspects of discussion, supported by examples, solutions and practices.

Discuss and/or argue possible use cases, scenarios, advantages and challenges of IoT technology in

the development of the chosen topic in the future.

Consider communicating your thoughts, recommendations and suggestions of using IoT technology

to advance the business for better in the chosen area.

Hints on option 2

The report should have a well-structured layout and clearly defined scope of work. You should ask yourself how you can incorporate the IoT technology into the chosen topic.

You should focus your work on one or more specific aspects in the chosen topic, not a general discussion of IoT about everything. For example, you may limit your discussions on how IoT is and will be used in customised online marketing or mass marketing, in creating digital media from a technological point of view, or in mass media communication and its social effects, etc. You are encouraged to work on other different aspects of the chosen topic according to your interests.

Your discussion should be supported by examples, practices or use cases that use IoT devices/systems/solutions in the chosen topic. Although an in-depth technical analysis is not expected, but the report should provide evidence that the technologies are sufficiently elaborated.

Your discussions, arguments and predications about the future use cases and scenarios may be supported by diagrams, illustrations, images, tables, narratives or user graphic interface (UGI) designed by yourself. Even a hand-written draft of diagram/UGI can be used to communicate your thoughts clearly.

The report should be well structured, grammatically correct, fluent and coherent. When you use external resources, you should quote and reference them properly.

The 2000-word limit is strict (excluding references).

Successful entrepreneurship Introduction Entrepreneurship encompasses the process of designing and executing a

Successful entrepreneurship

Introduction

Entrepreneurship encompasses the process of designing and executing a business. More often than not, these businesses start off from humble beginnings after which they materialize into successful enterprises. Successful entrepreneurship requires strategic planning, wit, and perseverance. The entrepreneurial journey involves the propensity and aptitude to establish and develop a corporate venture with its associated risks. The long-term goal is to eventually maximize on profit generation. One crucial factor that is equally important in the entrepreneurial journey is capital. A number of start-ups have failed due to an insufficient amount of funds that was necessary to keep the companies afloat. An insufficient supply of capital is not the only factor that threatens the progression of a business. Poor planning and governance, economic inconsistencies, and competitive markets form part of the endless entrepreneurial challenges. Nevertheless, there are success stories out there that inspire the upcoming entrepreneurs. One such story revolves around the popular self-made billionaire known as John Paul Dejoria.

Historical Background

John Paul Dejoria was born in the year 1944. Dejoria is a renowned American entrepreneur whose story has made rounds in the economic arena. The self-made billionaire is the second born of an immigrant family with a Greek and Italian descent (Romero, 2009). His life has been marked with a series of challenges, one of which started with the divorce of his parents when he was two years of age. The then young Jones was inclined to live a rather mature life for a boy his age. At age nine, he resorted to selling newspapers and Christmas gift cards alongside his siblings in order to support their family. The family moved through neighborhoods, first the Echo Park, then to Atwater village, and finally to Revere. When life became tough, he was forced into foster care (Breyer, 1997). These huddles became a critical stopping point for John Paul, and they ultimately shaped his career.

Career Path

Paul Dejoria started off in the Navy in the United States where he spent two years serving. In the two years, Dejoria worked in the USS Hornet (Sciacca, 2015). After his time in the Navy, he went through a series of small-time jobs before getting his huge break. Some of the jobs that he did included being a salesman, an insurer and a janitor (Wilson, 1999). Paul Dejoria entered the hair care business as a worker in the Redken laboratories. However, he did not work at the laboratory for long due to termination. Dejoria posited that the termination was as a result of a strategy disagreement. In the year 1980, Paul established the John Paul Mitchell Systems. He started off his career with Paul Mitchell who was a hairdresser. The two started off with a loan of $700. At the time, John lived in an automobile (Steven, 2017). In the year 1989, Paul Dejoria cofounded a company referred to as the Patron Spirits (Brett, 2011). Paul is an active owner of a chain of nightclubs known as ‘The House of Blues’. Apart from his successful businesses, Paul also has shares in a number of companies. Some of these companies include Madagascar Oil, Sun King, Ultimat Vodka, Smokey mountain bison farm, Pyrat Rum, among many more. The Billionaire is not only prominent in the product and service market, but also in the entertainment industry where he performed a series of actions as an actor and an executive producer.

Roles of an Entrepreneur

An entrepreneur is a risk taker. These individuals take the necessary initiatives to make profits. Generally, entrepreneurs conduct the role of a manager where they are tasked with overseeing the growth of the business. Entrepreneurs usually identify the best potential ideas then they amass the necessary resources to help materialize these ideas into actual concepts. According to research, entrepreneurs transform economic resources into great yields (Drucker, 1993). More often than not, productive entrepreneurs are not hindered by the size of their firms. Any potential opportunity is taken up head on. As aforementioned, entrepreneurship is a skill, nonetheless, these people cannot achieve success solely on their own. These business proprietors require an elite team of advisors and workers who aid them to achieve their goals (Shane, 2003). The combined effort of the elite team and the workers facilitate the establishment of the idea into a fruitful innovation. Joseph Schumpeter came up with a theory dubbed ‘creative destruction’ (Schumpeter, 2012, p.142). What this construct meant was that the entrepreneurial process necessitated the total replacement of an ineffective department or inferior innovation present in the industry. Total configuration followed the erection of a new commodity and business model. Creative destruction ideally represents the dynamism of companies and their quest to achieve economic stability. Schumpeter came up with a series of other theories that shaped the view of the entrepreneurial journey in economic development. Schumpeter’s theory of capital interest shaped the entrepreneurial foundation. The capital interest theory emphasizes that interest forms just a part of the economic development process. Schumpeter posits that entrepreneurship is the ultimate and the most important player in the economic process. Evidently, John Paul Dejoria has accomplished milestones in the economic arena. John Paul Systems forms part of a larger business empire. Diamonds, hair care, pet products, and tequila are among the many specialties that the entrepreneur has carved a niche in.

Characteristics of a Successful Entrepreneur

Successful entrepreneurs almost possess similar traits across the globe. The practice entails optimism and a significant degree of confidence. Business-oriented individuals are optimistic in the sense that they can foresee the success of their companies even before actual materialization. John Paul Dejoria started Mitchell Systems during the worst economic times. The period was marked by a great depression. Inflation at the time was at 12.5%, whereas the unemployment rate was at 10.5% (Hogan, 2010). The interest rates were registered at 18-20%. Getting oil at the time was a crisis; long queues were formed just to get gasoline. Paul Dejoria’s at that point believed that they would ultimately succeed if enough people became aware of their products and services. Dejoria’s partner at the time was Paul Mitchell. The two pioneered a hair product firm in Beverly Hills that supplied commodities to hair stylists. Paul, later on, introduced a tequila company that progressed very fast. Paul Dejoria deems that there is never a right period to start a business.

Confidence illustrates the ability to execute an action without second-guessing one’s actions. During the commencement of the ‘John Paul Mitchell Systems’, there were a number of economic dampers but Paul and his partner did not give up. The two believed that their product was worthwhile and that it would survive the economic period. Dejoria and Mitchell had insufficient funds, ultimately, this meant that they had no money to advertise their product. Despite these hurdles, the two entrepreneurs struggled to market their products. They convinced hairdressers in the region to give their commodities a test run. The hairdressers would later recommend these products to their clients. The idea was to let the quality of the commodity attract the clientele.

Discipline is also crucial during the commencing process and even after, in the execution process. Entrepreneurs are committed to making things work. Consequently, any potential hindrance is abated. A clearly laid out plan is usually followed to the later until the definitive goal is achieved. It is human nature to get tired and overwhelmed. However, successful entrepreneurs often find a way to balance out this challenges and push on despite the adversaries. Paul Dejoria demonstrated this quality when he dedicated his time and effort in running his business. Paul put on extra hours during the night and worked during the weekends. The entrepreneur claimed that successful individuals needed to perform things differently than the average people.

Creativity is just as crucial in success stories. Creativity is multi-faceted. The trait entails the ability to create connections in seemingly unconnected elements or actions. An entrepreneur’s obligation is to come up with effective solutions meant to resolve the existing challenges. As Joseph Schumpeter pointed out, the entrepreneurial process entails creative destruction. That is, replacing inferior innovation and establishing better alternatives. John Paul Dejoria established a tequila business as a result of an idea which he construed from a conversation with his peer. His friend argued that the tequilas that were present at the time caused severe hangovers. Paul thought that he could make something better, and he did. Dejoria established a tequila brand that was already mellow and chilled. The brand did not require the urge to mix it. The tequila product is referred to as Patron, the product is deemed the second fastest selling around the globe. This venture opened him up for other successful endeavors.

The ability to connect with others is also essential in a business. Entrepreneurs need to have commendable communication skills. It is with this skill that an industrialist is able to facilitate and handle the process of networking and cooperation among consumers and investors. The trait is also key in the process of motivation. Entrepreneurs need to motivate their workers such that they are able to share in their goals and success. Additionally, they should be able to highlight the existing benefits pertaining to any situation and in the process mentor others to achieve success. Paul Dejoria spends part of his time tutoring M.B.A classes in some premier institutions across America. Some of these institutions include the Yale and the Stanford universities. He teaches about management and motivation. Paul’s lessons do not end in the institutions alone, he makes frequent trips to Los Angeles where he motivates the humble of the society. Dejoria posits that if an individual is blessed, then it is their definitive obligation to give back to the community (Yoder, 2011).

Successful entrepreneurs are generally very open-minded. Consequently, they deem every event or situation an opportunity for success. In his many interviews, Paul describes how his life’s huddles shaped him. He was fired three times, and that’s when he took that huddle as an opportunity to start something on his own. A job that would give him stability and security. Dejoria started a consulting company in the year 1978. The business had its up and downs, but even with these hardships, he came up with the first idea to produce tangible products (Feloni, 2015). The company in mind during this revelation was a brand of hair products. Dejoria and his partner Mitchell encountered a huge set back before the start of their business. An investor who had promised to provide a million dollar contribution backed out at the last minute. The period was tough, marked with an economic recession. The two remained open-minded, they devised other ways of financing their business idea. The ‘John Paul Mitchell’ started off with $700.

A resilient work ethic is paramount for success. Time and productivity are factors that need to be fostered in a business. Running a business requires personal commitment and resilience. One has to put in enough working hours even if it means delegation. The idea is to remain vigilant and up to date with the workings of the company. Not to mention, ensuring that the company’s expectations are met. John’s brands have caught on because of their quality. A good example is his expensive brand of tequila. The brand initially sold at $37.95 in comparison to the existing brands of tequila that sold at a Minimum of $5 (Feloni, 2015). He had to convince his consumers through word of mouth and by giving off complimentary packages. Dejoria made this effort in order to prove that his brand was worth the price and the diligence eventually paid off.

Paul Dejoria posits that positivity is paramount for success. He advises entrepreneurs to devoid themselves of negativity (Yoder, 2011). A negative surrounding can dampen the morale of an individual. Yao and Yu demonstrate how positive news generally impact moral behaviors, not to mention the attitude of individuals (Yao & Yu, 2016). Paul cautioned his peers to sojourn in the company of people who would provide positive energy and influence to their undertakings.

Successful Business Strategies

The ever-changing economic atmosphere requires that entrepreneurs remain vigilant in their endeavors. It is easy for one to get overwhelmed, therefore, the best strategies should be put in place to ground the entrepreneur in their quest for success. One important strategy to focus on is consumer satisfaction. It is important that business people study the needs of their clients and work out strategies to satisfy them. Companies that maximize this strategy have a great competitive advantage in the economic market. One way of understanding a clientele group is to establish and maintain positive interaction. This can be done through advertising, emails, trade shows, and social websites where the company obtains feedback about their products. John Paul’s companies have unique websites, each coined and designed to represent the products and services offered. Each website has its own visual narrative. Awapuhi’s Gallery, Neon Hair, and Marula Oils, each have an elaborate and socially active website. Clients are able to review the company’s products and give their feedback whenever necessary. Obtaining feedback is one thing, and actually executing what is presented another. It is important that the consumers’ demands are met if they are within reasonable limits. Apart from the clientele feedback, businesses can also gain knowledge about the customers’ preferences by analyzing their product channels. Important strategies like exploring performance indicators are important.

Entrepreneurs should also strive to achieve optimal performance instead of focusing on the maximum performance of employees. Optimal performance refers to the ability to perform a certain task within the standard limits. Maximum performance, on the other hand, refers to work done whilst exerting the most effort. Maximum work performance in most cases fails to reflect the accurate capability of a company. Employees often tend to exert maximum effort when they are under scrutiny (Kleh & Anderson, 2007). Usually, the idea is to present an exceptional report to their superiors. This is not the case when they are left alone. Therefore, more often than not, the managers get an inaccurate report status regarding the efficiency of the company. Statistics deem that optimal performances are better for a company’s success compared to maximum performances (Kleh & Anderson, 2007). The main reason why optimal performances trump maximum performances are sole because the motivation is misplaced. Optimal performers are self-driven whereas maximum performers are driven by motivation. Research documents that optimal performer’s work as a result of self-efficacy and persistence, among other motivators (Kleh & Anderson, 2007). Although maximum performance workers are deemed to base their efforts to their job knowledge, the trait may not always be appropriate. Case in point, the inaccurate job evaluations. Paul Dejoria makes it a point to ensure that his workers are happy and satisfied. Dejoria believes that proper motivation and compensation leads to happy employees (Yoder, 2011).

Another way to stay afloat in the business arena is to study the competition. Analyzing the economic market gives an entrepreneur a clear picture of the expectations of the consumers, and whether or not what is being offered is meeting their demands. There are a number of factors that managers can look out for when evaluating the competitive market. Some of these factors include cost variations, marketing strategies, the product and service limitations, and consumer satisfaction. Evaluating the price across the market platform gives an average range of what the clients are willing to spend. Price ranges are especially important for startup companies. Analyzing the marketing and advertising strategies is also very crucial. This process enables a company to establish whether or not a certain strategy is effective. Effective strategies can then be modified and adapted to maximize optimal results. Analyzing the limitations that exist in the market is paramount. Entrepreneurs use this information to create better products that would satisfy their clients. John Paul’s business reflects a clear grasp of these elements. For instance, the consumer product lines are manufactured to meet the expectations of the various consumer classes. The Marula oil brand is designed for classy, sleek and driven women. The Awapuhi Ginger brand, on the other hand, is for the millennial women. The distinct categorization enables the company to address the specific wants of every consumer. Such a trait attracts consumer loyalty thus making a company competitive.

The Social and Economic Impact of John Paul Dejoria’s Success

Paul Dejoria has given a lot to the community. He has worked alongside big names in acts of charity. Dejoria worked with the former president of South Africa, Nelson Mandela, and other influential people to spearhead the removal of some landmines in the war-afflicted zones (Yoder, 2011). Paul also actively cares for the Aids orphans in parts of Africa; he feeds approximately 8,000 children daily. Paul’s help centers provide shelter, a balanced diet, education, and specialized personnel to help needy children in their development. Dejoria pioneered the ‘Grow Appalachia’ program that provides training and the necessary resources to people from humble backgrounds. The program was designed to encourage these individuals to grow and market their own farm produce. Paul provides the funds to purchase the necessary equipment, the best fertilizers, and seeds. Barely a year into the project, a significant amount of produce was recorded to have been planted. A total of 100 gardens were established in the first year, and this was able to feed about 2,700 people (Yoder, 2011).

Conclusion

Entrepreneurship is a skill in itself. Consumer satisfaction is an added advantage to attaining a competitive advantage. This is evident in the success of John Dejoria’s companies. Having good personal relations is also a key skill to possess if one wishes to expand their business. Investors and employees appreciate an open and outgoing person. There are a number of lessons that can be drawn from the entrepreneurial skills of John Paul Dejoria. The innovative capabilities of John Paul have impacted many companies and societies. One can use his experiences as a morale booster and learning outcome to achieve success. Resilience, positivity, confidence, and creativity are some of the important traits which entrepreneurs need to adopt. As demonstrated by his lifetime experiences, capital is never really an issue given a perfect idea and enough motivation. In the quest for success, an entrepreneur should be diligent and ethical in their dealings. Quality should always be considered. Giving back to the community also goes a long way in shaping a responsible society, after all, the biggest legacy is the one left behind.

References

Brett, N. (2011, May 26). America’s Richest Living Veterans. Forbes, p.2.

Breyer, R. M. (1997, 12 7). “HOMECOMING; John Paul DeJoria, chairman of the Paul Mitchell”. Austin American-Statesman, p. P. J1. Retrieved from Austin American- Statesman.

Drucker, P. F. (1993). Innovation and Entrepreneurship: Practice and Principles. New York: HarperBusiness.

Feloni, R. (2015, April 9). John Paul Dejoria Explains How He Went From Homelessness to a Billionaire. Retrieved from Business Insider: https://www.businessinsider.com/john-paul- dejoria-billionaire-entrepreneur-2015-4?IR=T

Hogan, J. (2010). Economic Crises and Policy Change in the Early 1980s: A Four County Comparison. Journal of Australian Political Economy, 106-137.

Kleh, U. C., & Anderson, N. (2007). Working Hard and Working Smart: Motivation and Ability During Typical and Maximum Performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 978-992.

Romero, D. (2009, June 11). Homelessness, Hair Care and 12,000 Bottles of Tequila. Retrieved from Entrepreneur: https://www.entrepreneur.com/article/202258

Schumpeter, J. A. (2012). The Theory of Economic Development: An Inquiry Into Profits, Capital, Credit, interest and Business Cycle, Translated from the German by Redvers Opie. Journal of Comparative Research in Anthropology and Sociology, 137-146.

Sciacca, P. (2015). “One With The Water”. Yachting, 36.

Shane, S. A. (2003). A General Theory of Entrepreneurship: The Individual-Opportunity Nexus. Northampton, Massachusetts: E.Elgar.

Steven, B. (2017, May 25). A Billionaire’s Agricultural Giving Plan. Forbes. Retrieved from Forbes.

Wilson, J. (1999, June 29). “Battling Bogus Hair Products; Paul Mitchell’s chairman fights to wipe”. Austin American-Statesman, p. D1.

Yao, Z., & Yu, R. (2016). The Spreading of Social Energy: How Exposure to Positive and Negative Social News Affects Behavior. PLoS ONE.

Yoder, C. (2011, April). Building Up and Giving Back: The Story of John Paul DeJoria. Retrieved from Legal zoom: https://www.legalzoom.com/articles/building-up-and- giving-back-the-story-of-john-paul-dejoria

Lizi Zheng MAC 325 29/10/2018 Annotated Bibliography Central research question: How does

Lizi Zheng

MAC 325

29/10/2018

Annotated Bibliography

Central research question: How does WeChat influence the cognitive ability of teenagers?

1. Lan Ling. “WeChat Pay brings the Mobile Payment Age.” In Jin Chuan Mei. 2012

Title: 微信支付带来的移动支付时代

Lan Ling says WeChat Pay has huge power in the mobile payment area, it becomes to the biggest mobile payment platform. Users can use WeChat Pay to purchase whatever they want, and it’s not limited within online. They can also use WeChat Pay by scanning QR code, it means WeChat Pay can replace wallet and the most of bank card. The way to make a WeChat Pay is simple and easy, users need to bound their ID card in WeChat, and connect a bank card. After that, users can transfer money, withdrawal, and payment just through WeChat.

2. Yushi Sui. “The Influence of WeChat Marketing on Daily Consumption— Based on the Analysis of Middle School Students.” In Electronic Business. Harbin Heilongjiang, 2017. pp. 32-33

Title: 浅谈微信营销对日常消费的影响—基于对中学生群体的探索

This article indicates WeChat pay and WeChat marketing become an emerging mobile consuming method, and it has both positive and negative affect to middle school students. Yushi Sui talks about e-commerce gives teenagers more freedom to shop online, and teenage is the time people pursue personality development and enhance self-awareness. WeChat pay gives them the opportunity to experience the new method of shopping. Although mobile payment brings people many benefits, it also comes disadvantages. WeChat marketing is lack of management, so there are some consumer’s risks exist. Besides, teenagers are on the way to develop their cognitive ability, their self-control ability is not good enough to deal with marketing strategies. With the development of mobile payment, people should take care of the teenager’s consuming behavior.

3. Jingjing Liu, Shujuan Yang, and Yang Shen. “The Analyze of Traditional Media in WeChat Official Account in 2014.” In New and Writing. 15 Oct. 2014

Title: 2014年传统媒体微信公众号分析

The author indicates traditional media is changing to new media, more and more media join to WeChat official account(similar to blogger). In 2014, the amount of WeChat official account is more than 5.8 million and the amount of reading quantity is more than ten billion. The author says WeChat official account like to use interesting and strange title cause it can attract more reader. The types of official account are various, users can get different kinds of information from the account they have followed or article people share. The WeChat official account is a very popular function in WeChat.

4. Xiangyun, Zhenning, shengyin, and Mingrui Shang. “The Analysis of the influence of Internet Culture on Teenagers’ Cognitive Ability.” In Journal of Yanbian Institute of Education. 20 Jun. 2009

Title: 网络文化对青少年认知能力的影响探析

The internet culture is a newborn cultural form, it changes teenagers’ living environment, lifestyle and even ideology. Teenagers have a natural acceptance to news things, thus they can enjoy the benefit from the Internet real quick but also get influenced by the bad things online. The author says there are two side influences to teenagers’ cognitive ability. It can wide teenagers’ knowledge, freedom of communication, and the development of personality. But there are lots of bad things online, so network security is very important. Teenagers’ cognitive ability can be lead to bad side very easily, people should focus on teenagers’ mental health and awareness.

5. Huan Wang, and Yang Zhu. “WeChat Function Discussion from Interpersonal Perspective.” In Journal of Modern Information. Schools of Public Administration, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100976, China. Feb. 2014

Title: 人际交往视角下微信功能的探讨

The authors analyze functions in WeChat through interpersonal perspective. This article talks about information technology produces a large and diverse virtual community, and WeChat occupies the huge market very quickly. The author introduces four major communication functions (1) how interphone realizes interpersonal communication; (2) function of shake phone to make a new friend, and the social psychology of this function; (3); the function of people nearby; and (4) the construction of WeChat moment. Get through by these four functions, the authors say WeChat is challenging the traditional communication, but WeChat still is a limited function tool for communication. Interpersonal communication will return back to the traditional method after all because people’s awareness needs reality to build with.

6. Zhuo Li. “Study on the Effects of Interpersonal Relationship in Youth Group by WeChat.” Edited by Shengyun Wan, School of Literature and Journalism, 26 Apr. 2014 pp.1-21

Title: 微信对青年群体人际关系影响的研究

Zhuo Li researches that how WeChat influences interpersonal relationship of youth group. Zhuo Li makes a survey for WeChat user from 18 to 35 years old, and the survey is about users’ service condition, habit, and attitude. The first part from this article shows the data of users. Zhuo Li indicates there are more than 600 million users, and daily active user more than a 100 million. More than 80% of users would spend more than half-hour on using WeChat, and more than a quarter of user would spend more than 2 hours. From these data, Zhuo Li shows how important is WeChat for people. Base on the data, Zhuo Li analyzes why people would rely on WeChat and what kinds of function in WeChat are popular.

7. Zhuo Li. “Study on the Effects of Interpersonal Relationship in Youth Group by WeChat.” Edited by Shengyun Wan, School of Literature and Journalism, 26 Apr. 2014 pp.22-47

Since WeChat is a virtual community, there are many functions provide users to make friends, so Zhuo Li collects data of WeChat users who have used WeChat to make friends. And there are 67.7% users admit that they have used the function on WeChat like “people nearby,” and “shake,” “drift bottle.” Besides, 74.33% of users think WeChat has benefit for them to expand the interpersonal relationship. The top two reasons for using WeChat are multifunctional and communication. The top two disadvantages of WeChat are distracted and privacy leak. The development of WeChat is very fast, it’s no longer a communication tool, right now it’s more likely a multi-function platform. From the data that Zhuo Li collect, the benefit for youth is more than the disadvantage.

8. Lina Yang. “Discussion on the Ecological Development of WeChat Moment in the Age of Big Data” In New World. 10 Jun. 2015

Title: 大数据时代微信朋友圈的生态发展刍议

Lina Yang says WeChat Moment is the most popular social function in WeChat, it’s a platform that people widely use for self-presentation, communication, and marketing. By the unlimited expanding trend, it may cause some chaoses. Lina says there are almost 700 million WeChat users, and daily information publish in WeChat Moment is more than 300 million. The speed of information spread is fast, and the range is wide. As a result, the information needs users to estimate if it’s real or not. The Tencent company already enforced the management of WeChat Moment, but some deeper negative information still needs users to judge by self. Like fake news.

9. Mingxing Zhou. “The two Sides Affect and Optimized Path of Information Dissemination on WeChat Moment for Middle School Student.” In Teaching and Management. Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 01 Jan. 2017. pp. 32-34

微信朋友圈信息传播对当代中学生的双重影响及优化路径

The article talks abut information spread in WeChat Moment has two side influences. WeChat Moment is a virtual community, it’s an important place for middle school students to communicate and express speaking right, and it has a double effect on middle school students. Mingxing Zhou indicates four points of positive affect (1) satisfy middle school students’ diverse emotional needs; (2) expanding middle school student’s field of vision; (3) promoting middle school student’s personality; and (4) optimize relationship in reality. And she also talks about four negative affects (1) Middle school student can be addicted to it; (2) increasing the feeling of comparisons; (3) causing student’s value chaos; and (4) restricting student’s growth and development.

10. Ruina Cai. “The Influence and Guidance of WeChat Culture Development on Teenagers.” In China Education Innovation Herald. Shenzhen Guangdong, 10 Mar. 2014. pp. 249.

刍议微信文化发展对青少年的影响及正确引导

The article talks about the effects for teenagers by WeChat culture development. Ruina Cai thinks that WeChat is a convenience, simple to use, and widely used mobile software, and it causes lots of influences to teenager’s cognitive ability on both positive and negative side. Ruina Cai says WeChat is a new network platform for communication and information exchange, it has the significant ability to improve interpersonal communication. However, the randomness and freedom of information publish on WeChat makes lots of WeChat information exist inconsistent with the facts and hostile attack. And these problems would influence a teenager’s cognitive ability and ideological understanding. As a result, for the good reason, people should strengthen WeChat culture management.